Difference between revisions of "Running"
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==Competitive running== | ==Competitive running== | ||
Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas. Records of competitive [[racing]] date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland between 632 BCE and 1171 BCE,<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://proxy-iup.klnpa.org/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/galefit/running/0?institutionId=693 | title=KLN PASS User Login}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=What Is Sport: A Controversial Essay About Why Humans Play Sports|last=Alpha|first=Rob|publisher=BookBaby|year=2015|isbn=9781483555232|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://healthandfitnesshistory.com/explore-history/history-of-running/|title=History of Running|last=|first=|date=2018-11-23|website=Health and Fitness History|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2018-11-23}}</ref> while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE. Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.<ref>Soviet Sport: The Success Story. p. 49, V. Gerlitsyn, 1987</ref> | Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas. Records of competitive [[racing]] date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland between 632 BCE and 1171 BCE,<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://proxy-iup.klnpa.org/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/galefit/running/0?institutionId=693 | title=KLN PASS User Login}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=What Is Sport: A Controversial Essay About Why Humans Play Sports|last=Alpha|first=Rob|publisher=BookBaby|year=2015|isbn=9781483555232|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://healthandfitnesshistory.com/explore-history/history-of-running/|title=History of Running|last=|first=|date=2018-11-23|website=Health and Fitness History|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2018-11-23}}</ref> while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE. Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.<ref>Soviet Sport: The Success Story. p. 49, V. Gerlitsyn, 1987</ref> | ||
| + | === Cardiovascular benefits === | ||
| + | While there exists the potential for injury while running (just as there is in any sport), there are many benefits. Some of these benefits include potential [[weight loss]], improved [[Circulatory system|cardiovascular]] and [[Respiratory system|respiratory]] health (reducing the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases), improved cardiovascular fitness, reduced total blood [[cholesterol]], strengthening of bones (and potentially increased bone density), possible strengthening of the [[immune system]] and an improved self-esteem and emotional state.<ref>{{Cite news | url = http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/11/04/phys-ed-why-doesnt-exercise-lead-to-weight-loss/ | title = Phys Ed: Why Doesn't Exercise Lead to Weight Loss? | date = 4 November 2009 | author = Gretchen Reynolds | work = [[The New York Times]] }}</ref> Running, like all forms of regular exercise, can effectively slow<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/28/AR2008012801873.html | title = Exercise Could Slow Aging Of Body, Study Suggests | author = Rob Stein | work = [[The Washington Post]] | date = 29 January 2008 }}</ref> or reverse<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/270266.stm|title=BBC News - Health - Exercise 'can reverse ageing'|work=bbc.co.uk}}</ref> the effects of aging. Even people who have already experienced a heart attack are 20% less likely to develop serious heart problems if more engaged in running or any type of aerobic activity.<ref>The science of exercise shows benefits beyond weight loss. (2019). In Harvard Health Publications (Ed.), Harvard Medical School commentaries on health. Boston, MA: Harvard Health Publications. Retrieved from http://proxy-iup.klnpa.org/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/hhphoh/the_science_of_exercise_shows_benefits_beyond_weight_loss/0?institutionId=693</ref> | ||
| + | Although an optimal amount of vigorous aerobic exercise such as running might bring benefits related to lower cardiovascular disease and life extension, though perhaps for some people an excessive dose (e.g., [[marathon]]s) might have an opposite effect associated with cardiotoxicity.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.08.001|pmid=26362561|title=Effects of Running on Chronic Diseases and Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=90|issue=11|pages=1541–1552|year=2015|last1=Lavie|first1=Carl J.|last2=Lee|first2=Duck-Chul|last3=Sui|first3=Xuemei|last4=Arena|first4=Ross|last5=O'Keefe|first5=James H.|last6=Church|first6=Timothy S.|last7=Milani|first7=Richard V.|last8=Blair|first8=Steven N.|doi-access=free}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 21:06, 4 January 2020
Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot. Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).[1] This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.[2] A feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.[3] The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.
Running in humans is associated with improved health and life expectancy.[4]
Competitive running
Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas. Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland between 632 BCE and 1171 BCE,[5][6][7] while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE. Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.[8]
Cardiovascular benefits
While there exists the potential for injury while running (just as there is in any sport), there are many benefits. Some of these benefits include potential weight loss, improved cardiovascular and respiratory health (reducing the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases), improved cardiovascular fitness, reduced total blood cholesterol, strengthening of bones (and potentially increased bone density), possible strengthening of the immune system and an improved self-esteem and emotional state.[9] Running, like all forms of regular exercise, can effectively slow[10] or reverse[11] the effects of aging. Even people who have already experienced a heart attack are 20% less likely to develop serious heart problems if more engaged in running or any type of aerobic activity.[12]
Although an optimal amount of vigorous aerobic exercise such as running might bring benefits related to lower cardiovascular disease and life extension, though perhaps for some people an excessive dose (e.g., marathons) might have an opposite effect associated with cardiotoxicity.[13]
References
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Biewener, A. A. 2003. Animal Locomotion. Oxford University Press, US. Template:ISBN, books.google.com
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite book
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Soviet Sport: The Success Story. p. 49, V. Gerlitsyn, 1987
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ The science of exercise shows benefits beyond weight loss. (2019). In Harvard Health Publications (Ed.), Harvard Medical School commentaries on health. Boston, MA: Harvard Health Publications. Retrieved from http://proxy-iup.klnpa.org/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/hhphoh/the_science_of_exercise_shows_benefits_beyond_weight_loss/0?institutionId=693
- ↑ Template:Cite journal
